#TUBE BENDING LENGTH CALCULATOR HOW TO#
Fixed a Print (PDF Generation) bug where if any calculation input parameter was left blank, a window explaining why print failed and how to correct now appears.Updated DIP specifications to contemporary weights and classes.Calculator is now fully responsive with optimized views for smaller devices (tablets and phones).Added support for up to 54 inch pipe diameter for PVC.Added support for up to 64 inch pipe diameter for Ductile Iron and Poly Wrapped Ductile.Uni-Bell Plastic Pipe Association "Handbook of PVC Pipe, Design and Construction", Dallas, Texas.ĮBAA "Connections, Technical Data for the Water and Wastewater Professional", Bulletins PD-1 through PD-6. "Soil Mechanics, Series in Soil Engineering", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1969.ĪSTM D 2487 "Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes." "Thrust Restraint for Underground Piping Systems", Ductile Iron Pipe News, CIPRA, Spring 1975.ĭIPRA "Thrust Restraint Design for Ductile Iron Pipe", Second Edition, 1986. "Investigation of Pipe-To-Soil Friction and Its Affect on Thrust Restraint For PVC and Ductile Iron Pipe", Presented at AWWA Distribution Systems Symposium, September 1989.Ĭarlesen, Rodger J. Kennedy, Harold Jr., Shumard, Dennis D., and Meeks, Cary M. "Skin Friction Between Various Soils and Construction Materials", Geotechnique, London, England, Volume II, No. Normal force due to the weight of the water in the pipe Normal force due to the weight of the pipe Normal force due to the vertical prism load of the soil Mean depth from surface to pipe centerline AĬross sectional area of the branch of a teeĬross sectional area of the large side of a reducerĪrea based on half of the pipe circumference in contact with the soilįrictional resistance acting on half the pipe diameterįrictional resistance acting on the full pipe diameter The equations are shown in the various diagrams under the Restraint Diagrams pull down menu. Below is a list of the variables used in the equations for calculating restrained lengths.